Bastar Dussehra

Introduction

India is a land of diverse cultures, traditions, and festivals. Among them, Bastar Dussehra stands out as one of the most unique and longest-running festivals, celebrated for an astonishing 75 days in Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh. Unlike the traditional Dussehra celebrations in other parts of India that mark Lord Rama’s victory over Ravana, Bastar Dussehra is deeply rooted in tribal traditions, nature worship, and the local deities of the Bastar region. This festival is a grand confluence of tribal culture, spiritual significance, and traditional rituals that have been followed for centuries.

In this article, we will explore the history, significance, unique rituals, key attractions, travel tips, and much more about Bastar Dussehra.

History and Origins of Bastar Dussehra

Bastar Dussehra dates back to the 14th century when King Purushottam Deo, the ruler of Bastar, initiated the festival. Unlike other Dussehra celebrations, it is not related to the Ramayana. Instead, it is dedicated to Maa Danteshwari, the presiding deity of the Bastar region and a revered goddess among the tribal communities.

It is believed that the king, after visiting the Jagannath Temple in Puri, Odisha, introduced the festival in Bastar, blending tribal customs with local beliefs. Since then, the Chalukya dynasty rulers and their successors have been instrumental in preserving the rituals and grandeur of this festival.

Also Read: 10 Festivals Of Chhattisgarh

The Mythological and Cultural Significance

Bastar Dussehra is not just a cultural festival but a symbol of divine faith and unity among the tribal communities. The festival is believed to honor the spirits of ancestors, village deities, and nature gods. Each ritual performed during these 75 days is deeply connected to the region’s heritage and spiritual beliefs.

Why is Bastar Dussehra Celebrated for 75 Days?

Bastar Dussehra is a 75-day-long event, making it one of the longest festivals in the world. The festival starts with the worship of wood (Pat Jatra) and culminates with the Muriah Durbar, a grand assembly of tribal chieftains.

Phases of Bastar Dussehra Festival

1. Pat Jatra (First Day) – The festival begins with the worship of a sacred wood log, which symbolizes the start of the grand celebration.
2. Deri Gadhai (First Week) – A ceremonial post is installed to mark the official commencement of the festival.
3. Kalash Sthapana (Week 2) – Holy water is collected in a kalash (sacred pot) as an offering to the gods.
4. Jogi Bithai (Week 3) – A priest (jogi) meditates for days under a special setup without any external interference.
5. Rath Parikrama (Week 4-10) – The grand procession of an intricately carved chariot carrying the deity takes place, attracting thousands of devotees.
6. Nisha Jatra (Week 11) – A night ritual where deities are taken out for worship in the dark.
7. Ohadi (Last Day) – The concluding ceremony, marking the end of Bastar Dussehra, where tribal chiefs gather for the Muria Durbar.

Unique Rituals and Traditions of Bastar Dussehra

Bastar Dussehra is a spectacle of tribal customs, devotion, and unique traditions. Some of the most fascinating rituals include:

1. Rath Yatra of Bastar

Unlike the grand effigy-burning of Ravana in North India, Bastar Dussehra is marked by an extraordinary Rath Yatra (Chariot Procession), which features two massive wooden chariots – one for Goddess Danteshwari and another for other deities. The construction and pulling of these chariots are done by selected artisans and tribes of the region, symbolizing unity and devotion.

2. Jogi Bithai (Meditation of the Hermit)

In this ritual, a priest (jogi) sits in deep meditation under a ritualistic umbrella (chhatri) for nine days without moving. It is believed that during this time, he attains divine insights for the well-being of the region.

3. Kachan Gaadi (Coronation of the Tribal King)

A unique tradition where the representative of the former Bastar royal family is ceremoniously seated on a throne made of kachan wood. This symbolizes the blessings of the deity for the welfare of the kingdom.

4. Muria Durbar (Meeting of Tribal Chiefs)

One of the most significant events, where all tribal chieftains from various villages gather in Jagdalpur. They offer their respects to Maa Danteshwari and discuss community matters.

5. Nisha Jatra (Night Rituals)

A special night-time worship, where village deities are carried in a procession amid drum beats, torch flames, and traditional dances.

Key Attractions of Bastar Dussehra

Apart from the religious significance, Bastar Dussehra is also a major tourist attraction, drawing visitors from across India and beyond. Some highlights include:

• Grand Rath Yatra – The massive wooden chariots pulled by thousands of devotees.
• Traditional Tribal Dances – Spectacular performances of tribal dances like Gaur dance, Bison dance, and Karma dance.
• Vibrant Fairs and Markets – The entire Jagdalpur town transforms into a fairground, featuring tribal handicrafts, delicious local food, and cultural exhibitions.
• Procession of Deities – Several local deities are brought from surrounding villages to participate in the festivities.

Best Time to Visit Bastar Dussehra

Since Bastar Dussehra lasts for 75 days, visitors can plan their trip anytime between July and October. However, the peak celebrations occur in the last 10 days of Navratri, leading up to Ohadi.

The best way to experience this festival is to stay in Jagdalpur, the heart of the celebrations. The city offers a variety of accommodations, from budget stays to comfortable hotels.

How to Reach Jagdalpur for Bastar Dussehra?

• By Air: The nearest airport is Maa Danteshwari Airport, Jagdalpur, or you can fly to Raipur Airport (300 km away) and travel by road.
• By Train: Jagdalpur Railway Station is well connected to major cities in Chhattisgarh.
• By Road: Jagdalpur is accessible via NH30 and is well connected with Raipur, Visakhapatnam, and Hyderabad.

Conclusion

Bastar Dussehra is not just a festival; it is a living testament to India’s rich tribal heritage, unique traditions, and deep spiritual significance. Unlike mainstream Dussehra celebrations, this festival offers an entirely different perspective, blending faith, folklore, and tribal customs into one grand celebration.

If you’re looking for an offbeat cultural experience, Bastar Dussehra is a must-visit. Witnessing this ancient festival in the heart of Chhattisgarh will leave you mesmerized and deeply connected to the roots of India’s tribal traditions.

Have you ever experienced Bastar Dussehra? Share your thoughts in the comments!